The Abolition of Man

The Enduring Relevance of Objective Morality (The Tao)

The Tao, or objective morality, serves as the foundation for Lewis's arguments. He posits that there exists a universal set of values and moral principles that have been recognized across cultures and throughout history. This Tao is not merely a human construct but reflects a deeper reality about the nature of good and evil. Lewis emphasizes that true progress and human flourishing depend on adhering to these objective values, rather than attempting to redefine or discard them based on subjective preferences or utilitarian considerations. The rejection of the Tao, he argues, leads to the erosion of morality and ultimately to the dehumanization of society.

The Dangers of Subjectivism in Education

Lewis critiques a trend in modern education, exemplified by the textbook authors 'Gaius and Titius,' who undermine traditional values by reducing them to mere subjective feelings. He argues that by dissecting noble sentiments and portraying them as nothing more than emotional responses, these educators strip away the very basis for moral judgment and cultivate a generation incapable of appreciating or upholding virtue. This 'debunking' approach, Lewis warns, has far-reaching consequences, as it erodes the foundation of society's shared values and leaves individuals vulnerable to manipulation and moral relativism. Education, according to Lewis, should aim to cultivate proper sentiments and instill a love for the good, the true, and the beautiful, rather than merely dissecting and deconstructing them.

The Rise of the Conditioners and the Abolition of Man

Lewis argues that the rejection of objective values, particularly through a flawed educational system, leads to the rise of the 'Conditioners'—a group of individuals who, having abandoned the Tao, seek to manipulate and control society based on their own subjective whims and desires. These Conditioners, often driven by a desire for power or a misguided sense of progress, impose their own values on others, effectively shaping society in their image. This process, Lewis warns, results in the abolition of man, as individuals are reduced to mere objects of manipulation, stripped of their inherent dignity and moral agency. True freedom and autonomy, Lewis insists, can only be found in adherence to the Tao, which provides a framework for moral reasoning and responsible action.

The Perils of Unfettered Technological Advancement

Lewis challenges the notion that humanity's conquest of nature is inherently good. He argues that while scientific advancements can bring benefits, they also carry the risk of dehumanization if not guided by a strong moral compass. The pursuit of power over nature, without a corresponding commitment to objective values, can lead to the exploitation and manipulation of both the natural world and human beings themselves. Lewis emphasizes that true progress requires not only technological innovation but also moral and spiritual development, ensuring that our power over nature is used for the common good and in accordance with the principles of the Tao.

The Harmony of Reason, Emotion, and Morality

Lewis explores the interconnectedness of reason, emotion, and morality. He argues that genuine moral judgment requires the cultivation of proper sentiments, which are informed by reason and grounded in objective values. By dismissing emotions as irrational or irrelevant, modern society risks losing its capacity for moral discernment. Lewis advocates for an integrated approach that recognizes the importance of both reason and emotion in shaping our moral character and guiding our actions. This integrated approach allows us to cultivate a love for the good and a hatred for the evil, which are essential for living a virtuous and fulfilling life.

The Importance of Traditional Values

Lewis argues for the preservation of traditional values as a safeguard against moral relativism and social decay. He contends that these values, which have been passed down through generations and are rooted in the Tao, represent a storehouse of wisdom and experience that should not be lightly discarded. While acknowledging the need for adaptation and change, Lewis emphasizes the importance of maintaining a connection to our moral heritage, ensuring that progress is guided by enduring principles of justice, compassion, and respect for human dignity. Abandoning traditional values, he warns, leaves society adrift in a sea of subjectivity, vulnerable to the whims of power and the erosion of moral standards.